WRITINGS OF 5AM HOUSTON, 1830
. 163
out a miserable degraded existence, while those who have power to extend to him the measure of justice, will be left in full pos- session of all the complacency arising from the solemn assurance, that they are either the stupid or gu,ilty authors of his degrada- tion and misery. Tah-Loh11-Tus-Ky. P. S. The Creeks have sent frequent memorials, praying relief from the War Department; also a delegation, but can obtain no relief!! · 1Arkctnsas Gazette, July 7, 1830. :?General William McIntosh (1775-May 1, 1825) was a Creek Indian Chief and a brigadier general in the United States Army. He was always a loyal friend to the white men. He and George M. Troup of Georgia were first cousins, and their careers were closely intertwined. See Dictionary of Amer- ican Biogra71hy, XII, 70-71. American State Papers, Indian Affairs, II, 759- 772. Grant Foreman, Pionee1· Days in the Early Southwest, 68, 179. 3 Thomas Crowell was the brother of the agent to the Indians (Colonel John Crowell). Houston's arraignment of this man is substantiated by both Samuel and Benjamin Hawkins. See Ame1·ican State Papers, lndimi Affafrs, II, 766. ' 4 Luther Blake was a relative of John Crowell. In 1829 he was appointed by Thomas L. McKenney (incorrectly spelled McKinney in many documents), the head of the Indian Department at Washington, to succeed Colonel David Brearley as agent for the McIntosh Creeks in Arkansas. He and Thomas Crowell were undoubtedly guilty of sharp dealings with the Indians. Hous- ton's exposure of their graft made Blake his deadly enemy, and in 1830 he became the chief accuser of Houston in the matter of the investigation of the bids for Indian contracts, a matter that led up to the trouble Houston had with Stanberry. Luther Blake was the lowest bidder for the Indian contracts. See United States House Documents, 22d Cong., 1st Sess., No. 502. ~Major Hugh Love was an Indian trader among the Cherokees and Creeks. Major George Vashon, Creek agent, on December 15, 1831, issued him licenses to trade near the falls of the Verdigris River on the west side. Love's reply to this criticism of Houston's appeared in the Arkansas Gazette, August 4, 1830. 0 Joseph Brearley was the son of the Colonel David Brearley who was agent to the McIntosh Creeks. Prior to his agency to the Creeks Colonel Brearley had been agent to the Arkansas Cherokees. See Foreman, Pio11eer Days in the Early Southwest, 69. 7 Colonel Matthew Arbuckle. See Houston to Colonel Matthew Arbuckle, July 8, 1829. 8 Colonel Thomas Lorain McKenney (March 21, 1785-February 20, 1859) was an author and an administrator of Indian Affairs. On March 11, 1834, he was given charge of the newly organized bureau of Indian Affairs under the War Department, a place he held until he was forced out by the J nck- son administration in 1830. His Memofrs, Official and Personal, are profuse in cj.efense of his motives and actions. His reports all express philanthropic interest in Indians, but he seems to have been a man who was always hard
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