Our C atleolic llcritage in Texas
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long blankets flowing to the ground. Each rider held his lance erect, while his sword and other weapons hung in their proper places at his side. Some were arrayed with coats of mail, polished to shine like that of their general, whose gilded armor with its brilliant trappings was to bring him many hard blows a few months later. Others wore iron helmets or visored headpieces of the tough bullhide for which the country has ever been famous. The footmen carried crossbows and harquebuses, while some of them were armed with sword and shield. Looking at these white men with their weapons of European warfare was the crowd of native allies in their paint and holiday attire, armed with the club and tbe bow of an Indian warrior." 51 Besides the soldiers there went a multitude of servants and herders to lead the spare horses, drive the baggage trains, and look after the droves of cattle, oxen, sheep, pigs and other animals. It is said that there were more than a thousand horses, without counting the mules loaded with camp supplies and provisions. The expedition carried six swivel guns or light pieces of artillery in addition to. all its other equipment. 3 z With Coronado went Fray Marcos de Niza, the recently elected pro- vincial of the Franciscans, who had been to Cibola the year before. He was accompanied by two priests of his Order, three lay brothers, and two donados. The two priests were Fray Antonio de Victoria and Fray Juan de Padilla, the latter destined to become the first martyr of Texas. The three lay brothers were Fray Juan de la Cruz, Fray Luis de Escalona (Descalona), also called Ubeda, and Fray Daniel. The donados were two converted Indians of Michoacan, named Lucas and Sebastian, respec- tively, who had been reared in a Franciscan monastery from childhood under the direction of Fray Juan de Padilla. 33 It is not the purpose of this chapter to follow in detail the many vicissitudes, triumphs, and misfortunes of Coronado and his men from
11 Winship, op. cit., 378-379. 12 Herrera, Dec. vi, Lib. ix, Cap. xi; Gomara, Historia, 193-194.
UThis list of the religious who accompanied Coronado has been compiled from various sources, the chief of which are: Castaneda, "Narrative," Translation by Winship, op. cit.; Vetancourt, Menologio (1871 edition); Mota Padilla, Historia de la conqui.rta; Coronado to the King, August 3, 1 570, translated in Winship, op. cit., 552-564; "Relacion del Suceso de la Jornada que Francisco Vaquez de Coro- nado hizo ..." in Documentos lt1editos, XIV, 318-329; "Relacion hecha por el capitan Juan Jaramillo ..." in Ibid., 304-317; Mendieta, Historia Eclesiasti&a Indiana; and Torquemada, Monarquia Indiana.
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