Apr 21 1836 to June 3 1836 - PTR, Vol. 6

Papers of the Texas Revolution, Vol, 6

The Papers of the TEXAS REVOLUTION 1835-1836

John H. Jenkins general editor

Volume 6

Presidial Press Brig. Gen. Jay A. Matthews Publisher Austin 1973

Editorial Advisory Board

Maj. Gen. Thomas S. Bishop Dr. Donnan H. Winfrey Dr. Malcolm D. McLean

Dr. Robert Cotner Dr. James M. Day Robert Weddle Charles Corkran Richard Santos John Kinney

The interest and assistance of the National Guard Association of Texas in the publication of these works is gratefully acknowledged.

[2813J [BURNET to MORGAN] Executive Department Post of Galveston April 21-1836

To Col. James Morgan Sir

The government will in all probability remove from this point in a few days, and it is all important that the families now here should be removed to a place of Safety as soon as practicable. You will be pleased to cause the families to be notified forthwith that the Schooner Congress will sail tomorrow for New Orleans. It is desirable that as many as can avail themselves of this opportunity. A list of the names of the families and their numbers will be made out and a copy filed in the Department of State. Everything that can be done to facilitate the removal of the families .and to make them comfortable. You will please give your prompt and efficient attention to this subject.

Your obt. Servt. David G. Burnet

[2814) [BURNET DECREE]

DECREE ESTABLISHING A NAVAL DEPOT AT GALVESTON It being important to establish a naval depot for the convenience of our maritime operations, therefore I, David G. Burnet, President of the Republic of Texas, by and with the advice and consent of my Cabinet, and in pursuance of authority vested in the Government, have ordered; decreed, and ordained, and do hereby order, decree, and ordain, that the island of Galveston be and the same is made a naval depot for the use and convenience of the navy of the Republic, and as such is made subject to the immediate control and authority of the Secretary of the Navy. That the limits of the said navy depot shall comprehand the island of Galveston and bay of the same name, and the inlets thereof extending to Redfish bar on the north, Point Bolivar and the coast to the point of high water for the distance of one league east of

th,, l':\1\1\', tlH' 1'11lin' li:iy lwlwc, ~11 lhe said island and the main, and 1\\1' , , :,11-1· l\1r tlll' tli~tmwc• ol' 0111· league without said island. ·\n,1 it i:- fmtlwr orclai11 c d and decreed, that the Secretary ,,t' th,· ~"' y lw :u11l lw i~ hereby invested with the command of the milit:ll'y t\1r,·1•:- l-latio111·d or lo be stationed at the said depot or :my part th1'"''of. wilh full power lo control, order, or direct the

[ David G. Burnet, 21 April 1836] [2815)

[COUNCIL OF WAR]

Col Burkson Col Slwrman

)

) ) )

against fighting

Lieut Col Millard Lieut Col Somerville

Lt Col Bennett Maj Wells

) )

f battle

or held about noon on the day of the battle

[On verso:] Council of War at San Jacinto April 21, 1836

Ordered Sherman on the 20th when he went out with the detachment, not to bring on an engagement, in any event. It is not true that Sherman got the officers to agree to support him. [2816] [HOLLEY to AUSTIN]

Lexington, April 21, 1836

Dear Cousin,

We had an overflowing Meeting last night, adjourned from the Morning, when they merely organized, the Whig Convention being in session. I made up a party of ladies and we all went, and never was 1 so complimented - never so proud. And who do you think was the orator? The new Commissioner from Texas Col: Lewis. It so happened-a lucky coincidence for once-that he arrived from Louisville-(where he told us they had a very

enthusiastic Meeting)-in the afternoon. Mr. Higgins, the old gentleman they went lo see, was in the chair. Mr. Bryant mentioned the arrival of Col. Lewis and moved that a Committee be appointed to call on him-invite him to allend the meeting. He came accordingly his presence gave greal spirit lo the occasion. He addressed the audience and gave a clear exposition of Texas affairs. Perfect silence and attention prevailed. He occupied all the time. Several gentlemen were prepared to speak. Among them Mr Wiggington of Louisville, brother to him who started two days since with his company of volunteers. Mr Bradford, Mr Ferguson, and Gen: McCauley meant also to address the house. Some excellent resolutions and a memorial to Congress, prepared by Mr. Martin, passed unanimously and with great applause. Never was anything done with more unanimity-more harmony. An Irish Catholic attempted to make some objections on the ground of Committing the Govt etc; and was instantly hissed and hooted down-=-with take him out-take him out etc. Col: Lewis was presented to me at the close and I attempted to thank him for his fine Compliments. I expected him here this Morning, but learn he is occupied with visitors. Gen: McCauley just called. says they will have another meeting to night to obtain subscriptions, a chance for their cul and dried speeches. You see we are doing well. There is great spirit now. You began it,-by a little here and there we have kept it up, and Col: Lewis has fixed the matter. I find you get news from Texas within two days as soon as we do. I hope anxiously for something encouraging. I had liked to have made a speech myself last night. What a theme it is for eloquence. Col: Lewis appealed to my testimony as to the character of the Texians, in reply to some slanders-and with effect if these people have any pride. I almost rose from my seat to say that it was my proud distinction to be able to testify to the truth etc. The Mail closes- Love to all friends. Let them Have your portrait to be lithographed. M.A.H. [Mary Austin Holley] [Addressed:] Gen. S. F Austin New York

[2817] [SANTOS to-----]

April 21st, 1836 In this day, month, and year, the town of Columbia was takt'n by the Division of the Army of Operations, under the rommand of His Excellency, Don Jose Urrea; which, full of glory, c-ontinued their march to Brazoria. Columbia Landing, 21st of said month, 1836. Jose Guadalupe de los Santos The General's body-guard rose up in the morning, full of rai~ns and other things. [2818] [GREEN to RUNNELS]

April 22nd 1836

To Genl. H. G. Runnels Dear Sir,

An attempt is now making by numerous honorable & high spirited Gentlemen of Mississippi to complete a competent force for the rescue of our bleeding country from the forces commanded by the sanguinary Despot Santa Anna.From my knowledge of your character as a patriot soldier and Gentleman I feel assured that at least one thousand brave l\'lississippians could be induced to as.5emble on the plains of Texas under a promise that you would consent to command them. Thus believing that, we, Dear Sir, in the name of every thing sacred the humanity, justice, freedom, & in the name of my bleeding country, by that you will consent to take such eommand, in such event, subject alone to the rules of the war department. You will perceive that his command does not contemplate any [illegible] with the patriotic & praiseworthy endeavors of Genl. Austin Capt. Quitman & others who are at this time about to march in force to the immediate relief of Texas. I feel anxious to do every thing to forward this magnanimous & landable undertaking. With every sentiment of high respect U am you obt servt•.

Th. J. Green Brig, Genl. of the Army of Texas

[2819) [HOUSTON DISPATCH)

[Sam Houston, San Jacinto, April 22, 1836, dispatch briefly announcing the victory at San Jacinto.] (2820] [McNUTT to HOUSTON)

Harrisburg 22 April

To Genl Sam Houston Dr Sir

The communication of the secretary of war giving infor- mation of the glorious victory over Santa Anna and his forces, came to hand this inst. which was the first information I had received from you since you left the river except the report of your guns on yesterday evening. The express you sent back for effective men ammunition &c &c never reached till after the news of your victory hence you will see why the men and supplies have not come to you. You may rest assured that the order would have been filled with promptitude and alacrity for the troops here have been all anxious to follow on since you left. A scout is now out and has been out on the opposite side of the Bayou since the commencement of your action yesterday evening under the immediate command of Lt. Casey and Waggonmaster Rohrer. They have not as yet reported Capt Carnes is opposite this occasionally reporting himself by the rifle crack on the flying enemy. The bearer of the express sent back for men and arms lost his papers, and must have lost himself for he never came to me until after the news of victory with sentiments of highest consideration and gratitude to you and your brave men I am

Your obt sevt Robt McNutt Major

(2821) [REED to CALDWELL]

[John Reed, near San Jacinto, to Major Caldwell, April 22, 1836, stating that the Texans had defeated the Mexicans, killed 500 and taken 650 prisoners, Almonte among them, Houston wounded and Cos killed.]

[2822] [RUNNELS to GREEN]

April 22, 1836

Genl Thomas J. Green of the Texas Army Sir

I am in receipt of your letter of late thereof asking me in behalf of your suffering countrymen to take command of one thousand or more Mississippians when assembled on the plains of Texas which force is about being raised separate and in addition of the forces commanded by Gen F. Huston and Capt. Quitman. Sympathising as I do with that much affected people, feeling as l do for the Cause of Liberty throughout the civilized world, and feeling as I do for the Texans, who were, but the other day of us, and who have been induced to imigrate from their own la~d of freedom under high expectations from the promises of State Corrupt Government and against whom the most inhuman warfare is now waged by that petty despot, Santa Anna. I accept the proposition and will repair to the place designated and assume the command. With sentiments of high esteme I am dear sir your obt. st. H. G. Runnels [2823] [RUSK to BURNET]

War Department, Headquarters, Army of Texas, San Jancinto River, April 22, 1836.

To His Excellency David G. Burnet, President of Texas.

Sir: I have the honor to communicate to your excellency a brief account of a general engagement with the army of Santa Anna, at this place on the 21st instant. Our army, under the command of General Houston, arrived here on the 20th instant. The enemy, a few miles off at -"ew Wsahington,. apprized of our arrival, committed some depredations upon private property, and commenced their line of march to this point. They were unconscious of our approach until our standard was planted on the hanks of the San Jacinto. Our po:;ilion wai; a favorable one for battle. On the noon of the 20th,

the appearance of our foe was hailed by our soldiers with enthusiasm. The enemy march in good order, took a position in fronl of our encampment, on an eminence, within cannon-shot, where they planted their only piece of artillery, a brass nine-pounder; and then arrayed their cavalry and infantry a short dislance on the righl, under the shelter of a skirt of woods. In a short time, they commenced firing upon us; their cannon in front, their infantry on our left, and their cavalry changing their position on the righl. A charge was made on the left of our camp by their infantry, which was promptly repelled by a few shots from our artillery, which forced them to retire. I have the satisfaction of stating that only two of our men were wounded, one very slightly, the other (Colonel Neill, of the artillery) not fatally. The attack ceased; the enemy retired and formed in two skirts of timber, and remained in that position, occasionally opening their cannon upon us, until just before sunset, when they attempted lo draw off their forces. Their artillery and cavalry were removed to other points. Colonel Sherman, with sixty of our cavalry, charged upon theirs, consistingupward of one hundred, killing and wolll'lding several. Their infantry came to the assistance of their cavalry, and opened upon us an incessant fire for ten or fifteen minutes, which our men sustained with surprising firmness. Too much praise can not be bestowed upon those who were engaged in this charge, and terminated with less loss. Two of our men were severly wounded, but none killed. This terminated the movements of the day. Early next morning, about nine o'clock, the enemy received a reinforcement of five hundred men, under the command of General Martin Prefecto do Cos, which increased their strength to fourteen or fifteen hundred men. It was supposed that an attack upon our encampment would now be made; and, having a good position, we stationed our artillery, and disposed of the forces, so as to receive the enemy to the best advantage. At three O'clock, however, the foe, instead of showing signs of attack, was evidently engaged in fortifying. We determined, therefore, immediately to assail him; and, in half an hour, wc were formed in four divisions: the first, intended as our right wing, composed of the regulars under Colonel Millard, and the second division, under command of Colonel Sydney Sherman, formed our left wing. A division, commanded by Colonel Burleson, formed our centre. Our

two six-pounders, under Lhe command of Colonel Hockley, Captains Isaac N. Moreland and Stillwell, were drawn up on Lhe ri11ht of the centre di,~sion. The cavalry, under command of C~lonel Mirabeau B. Lamar, formed upon the right. At· the command to move forward, all the divisions advanced in good order and high spirits. On arriving within reach of the enemy a he,wy fire was opened, first with their artillery on our cavalry. A general conflict now ensued. Orders were given to charge. Colonel Sherman's division moved up, and drove the enemy from the woods occupied by thP-m on their right wing. At the same moment, Colonel Burleson's division, together with the regulars, charged upon and mounted the breastwork of the enemy, and drove them from their cannon; our artillery, the meanwhile, charging up and firing upon them with great effect. The cavalry, under Colonel Lamar, at the same time fell on them with great fury and great slaughter, Major-General Houston acted with great gallentry, encouraging his men to the attack, and heroically charged, in front of the infantry, within a few yards of the enemy, receiving at the same time a wound in his leg. The enemy soon took to flight, officers and all, some on foot and some on horseback. In ten minutes after the firing of the first gun, we were charging through the camp, and driving them before us. They fled in confusion and dismay down the river, followed closely . by our troops for four miles. Some of them took the prairie, and were pursued by our cavalry; others were shot in attempting to swim the river; and in a short period the sanguinary conflict was terminated by the surrender of nearly all who were not slain in the combat. One half of their army perished; the other half are prisoners, among whom are General Santa Anna himself, Colonel Almonte, and many other prominent officers of their army. The loss of the enemy is computed at over six hundred slain, and above six hundred prisoners; together with a caballada of several hundred mules taken, with much valuable baggage. Our loss, in point of numbers, is small, it being seven slain and fifteen wounded. This glorious achievement is attributed, not to superior force, but to the valor of our soldiers and the sanctity of our cause. Our army consisted of seven hundred and fifty effective men. This brave band achieved a victory as glorious as any on the records of history, and the happy consequences will be felt in Texas by succeeding generations. It has saved the country from the yoke of bondage; and all who mingled in it are entitled to the

•

special munificence of government, and the heartfelt gratitude of every lover of liberty. The sun was sinking in the horizon as the battle commenced, but, at the close of the conflict, the sun of liberty and independence rose in Texas, never, il is lo be hoped, to be obscured by the clouds of despotism. We have read of deeds of chivalry, and perused with ardor the annals of war; we have contemplated, with the highest emotions of sublimity, the loud-roaring thunder, the desolating tornado, and the withering simoom of the desert; but neither of these, nor all, inspired us with emotions like those felt on this occasion! The officers and men seemed Lo be actuated by a like enthusiasm. There was a general cry which pervaded the ranks--"Remember the Alamo! remember La Bahia!" These words electrified all. "Onward!" was the cry. The unerring aim and irresistible energy of the Texan army could not be withstood. It was freemen fighting against the minions of tyranny, and the result proved the inequality of such a contest. In a battle where every individual performed his duty, it might seem invidious to draw distinctions; but, while I do justice to all in expressing my high admiration of the bravery and gallant conduct of both officers and men, I hope I may be indulged in the expression of my highest approbation of the chivalrous conduct of Major James Collingsworth in almost every part of the engagement. Colonel Hockley, with his command of artillery, Cofone! Wharton, the adjutant-general, Major Cook, and, in fact, all the staff-officers; Colonel Burleson and Colonel Somervell on the right, Colonel Millard in the centre, and Colonel Sherman, Colonel Bennett, and Major Wells, on the left, and Colonel Lamar on the extreme right with the cavalry--led on the charge and followed in the pursuit with dauntless bravery. All have my highest approbation. With such men, sustained as we shall be by the patriots and lovers of liberty in our mother-country, hateful Despotism can not find a resting-place for the sole of her foot on the beautiful plains of Texas! A volume would not contain the deeds of individual daring and bravery. Each captain has been required to make report, and I hope justice will be done to all the brave spirits who mingled in the glorious achievement of yesterday. My aide-de-camp, Dr. Motley, of Kentucky, fell near me, mortally wounded, and soon after his spirit took its flight to

join the immortal Milam and others in a better world.

· I have the honor to be, very respectfully, yours, Thomas J. Rusk, Secretary of War P.S.--Since writing the above, General Cos has been

brought in a prisoner by our calvary.

T. J. Rusk.

[2824) [SAN JACINTO LIST]

Return of killed and wounded in the actions of 20th and

21st April 1836

wounded severly

Major Genl Sam Houston

First Regiment Texas Volunteers

Company A George Waters B James Canly

private

slightly wounded 21st

,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, .,, ,,

,, ,, ,, ,,

,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,

badly

William S. Walker

slightly

C Capt. Jesse Billingsley

kiJled

Lemuel Blakely Logan Vandeveer

badly wounded

Washington Anderson

slightly

do ,,

Calvin Page

Martin Walker

badly

slightly

D Capt Mosely Baker

C. D. Anderson Allen Ingram Leroy Wilkinson James Nelson Mitchell Putnam

do do ,,

hadly

slightly

wounded

H A. R. Stephens

slightly wounded

J. Tom Cooper

badly killed

K B. Brigham

Total killed 3, wounded 15

2nd Regiment Texas Volunteers

Company D 2nd Lieut Lamb

21st

kiJled

,, ,, ,, ,,

G. W. Robinson

private severly wounded

,, ,, ,,

Wm Winters

1st Sergt Albert Gallatin

slightly severly

Washington Lewis

" ,,

" ,, " " " " 20th

E. G. Rector Alphonso Steel

" " "

slightly severly

F K J

1st Lieut J.C. Hale

killed

Capt Smith

wounded slightly

1st Sergt Thos P Fowl

killed

Wm FYoung

" "

wounded severly

Trask

Total killed 3, severly wounded 5, slightly 3-total 11 Dr. Wm Motley · wounded severly

died since died since

A. R. Stevens

Lt. Col. J. C. Neil of the Artillery

wounded severely on 20th

Wm A. Park

slightly " 21st

Deverius J. Woodliff of the cavalry

wounded severely " 20th

[Endorsed:] Report of killed & wounded at San Jacinto [28251 [SANTA ANNA to FILISOLA]

No. 1, Army of Operations, Coast Division, Under My Command Having yesterday evening had an unfortunate encounter, I have resolved to remain as prisoner of war in the hands of the enemy, after having taken every precaution, I therefore order that your excellency will cause the division under the command of general Gaona, to countermarch to Bexar, where he will wait for orders. Your excellency will also return to the same place, and order General Urrea.., with his division, to Guadaloupe Victoria. I have agreed on an armistice with General Houston, interim, until we can agree upon the terms of a lasting peace; your excellency will take such measures as may be necessary for the subsistence of the army which will remain under your command, the money that has arrived at Matamoras, and the provision at that place, and those at Victoria, will be subject to your orders; also the twenty thousand dollars that may be inthe treasury, are to be taken from Bexar. I trust that your excellency will, without fail, comply withthese dispositions; advising me of the same by return of the courier, as also if any should oppose its accomplishment. God and Liberty, camp of San Jacinlo, April 22, 1836. Antonio Lope.z de Santa Anna. (To Vicente Filisola]

No. 2, Army of Operations: Excellent Sir,

In as much as I- have ordered your excellency by official note of today that you cause the troops to retire to Bexar and Guadaloupe Victoria, I charge you to instruct the Commandants of the several divisions, not to permit any damage done to the property of the Inhabitants of the country, hoping that these dispositions will be punctually complied with. God and liberty, at San Jacinto, April 22, 1836. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna No. 3, Army of Operations: Excellent Sir,-You will immediately order the Military commandant at Goliad, to put all the prisoners made at Goliad, at liberty and send them forthwith to San Felipe de Austin, and for which purpose your Excellency will dictate such Orders as may be conducive to the object. God and Liberty, Camp of San Jacinto, April 22, 1836. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. [To Vicente Filisola} [2826) (SAUNDERS to FORSYTH] Frankfort, Ky., April 22, 1836. Sir: Your communication of the 9th instant, suggesting that "it appeared from an article in one of the Western journals, containing what purports to be an extract of a letter of Felix Huston, Esq., of Natchez, that he is in the act of raising and equipping a volunteer company for military service in Texas," and ~reeling to."satisfy my self by proper inquiries; and that should I • fmd that either he or any other person has, in regard to the transaction alluded to, violated the laws within the Kentucky district, that I should institute such proceedings as may be necessary lo bring the offender to punishment; and to see the laws enforced with respect · to any similar violation of the neutral relations of the United States," has been received, and will be promptly attended to. I am not, at this time, apprized of any individuals so deporting themselves as lo come within the provisions of the act of Congress, within the district of Kentucky.

As it is matter of great interest Lo our section of the Union to preserve the amicable relalions existing between the United States and those of the Mexican republic, and fears exist that the latter entertain jealous apprehensions that the former give countenance to the succors received by Texas from them, allow me the suggestion, that a proclamation emanating from the seal of Government would have the double effect of quieting those fears, and of apprizing the citizens of the consequences of a violation of the laws. I am, sir, your obedient servant, L. Sanders, U.S.D.A.K.D.

Hon. John Forsyth, Secretary of State.

[2827] [SHANNON to FERNANDEZ)

Mattamoris April 22: 1836

To General Fernandez Commander in Chief at Mattamoris Having Arrived in this place from New Orleans on the 20th Inst: Came down the ohio river from Louisville Kentucky/on the 25th of March Wrote 2 letters to Senior Gorostiza the Mexican Embassy at Washington-forwarded one at Smith land mouth of Cumberland river one/at Padducca (Mouth of the Tennessee river, one at Orleans advising) the Embassy of the resources and Military Movement of the Anglo Americans/Belliggrants (against Texas)-Having, regularly, advised, the Mexican, charges De Affairs at Washington sense the Month of September, last in a Series of Letters (Written by me) Monthly advising Said, Embassy, and Giving My oppinnion of the Most efficient, Plan of opperations (against those Anglo American Bands of Robbers) Having Sailed from New Orleans on the 9th ultimo for this Place/I made it My Business to Collect all the Information, I Could Procure on the ohio and Mississipi, river, and Have the Satisfaction, to Inform Your, Excellency) the Anglo Americans are Completely out Generald and routed, driven, Horse de Combat a Cross the Sabine, river, by the Mexican, Sensinattus General Sant-Anna and his Spartan Generals) the Mexican Eagle has Completely Vanquished, the Anglo American Scare Crows

I Beg leave to Introduce Myself to your Excellency-and

shall address you more Minnutly in a day or twoe ·

Henry Goold Shannon I had written ~ly Communications to the Mexican

Embassy with the Signature Signed H;G:S: (2828] [SMITH to SMITH)

Camp near Harrisburg April 22d 1836

Dear Wife,

Times are truly encouraging for Texas on yesterday Gen. Houston has gained a signal victory over Santa Anna and Cos. Their Army consisting of 1100 and nearly all killed and prisoners, except Santa Anna himself. When he found his Army were failing he fled to a swamp which is now surrounded by our men. Our loss is 6 or 8 killed and about double that number wounded. Among the latter is Gen. H. (slightly). I am not yet in possession of the names of our brave men who have fallen. Gen. Almonte and several other generals of the Mexican Army are now in our possession. Suffice it lo say that Gen. Houstons victory over Santa Anna has excelled the brilliant victory of Gen. Jackson over Packenham at New Orleans. The army is generally well and in high spirits. Being at different points I have not seen Mr. Scates since the action but trust he is safe & well. The families may shortly in safety return lo their homes. Providence is on our side. The Alimo, Tampico and La Bahia are turning on the heads of the Mexicans. My health is good. In haste - God, Texas & Liberty William P. Smith [2829) {URREA to SANTA ANNA] Ejercito de operaciones sobre las columnas sublevadas. - &cmo. Sr. - Por la mala esplicacion que me hicieron los guias que traje, me demore en llegar a este punto mas tiempo del que me esperaho; pero force la marcha ayer, y con la fuerza del batallon Jiminez, y tres companias de preferencia de San Luis y Queretaro

ocupe a Columbia y su puerto, y hoy me apodere de esle. En el primero, solo encontre a dos americanos, que tienen sus familias en el bosque; ellos me informaron que 50 hombres que habia alli de guarnicion, hahian marchado la noche anterior a reunirse con su gefe Houston. A uno de aquellos hice marchar en solicitud de las familias, y el otro lo tengo en mi poder, hasta saber el resultado. En el puerto de Columbia hay alguna harina y maiz, que se invertira en la subsistencia de la lropa. Tambien hay algunos licores y otros efeclos, que en el momento no pude reconocer; pero ciertamente que valen algun dinero. El Sr. coronel D. Mariano Salas, que quedo encargado del puerto, con su batallon Jiminez y la caballeria, formara un inventario, que cuidare de remitir a V. E. En Brazoria, aun no tengo conocimiento de lo que habra; pero luego que haya tiempo, se reconocera, y se hara lo mismo que en Columbia. Aqui solo halle algunos colonos, ingleses, alemanes y americanos, con sus .familias e intereses; estos no quisieron obedecer las ordenes de Houston para marchar a Galveston, y se me han presentado, implorando la proteccion del supremo gobierno de la nacion, haciendome presente, que ninguna parte han tenido en la revolucion. Por lo que estos hombres me han dicho, estoy informado, queen Velasco hay 100 hombres de los que tienen las armas en la mano, y algunas familias e intereses. En Galveston cerca de 200, 500 negros esclavos, y cosa de 300 familias, entre las que hay pocos hombres, y de la otra parte de este rio, como 300 hombres, recoriendo en partidas pequenas los bosques y caminos. Me informan tambien, que Houston se haUa al Norte de este puerto, sin saherse el punto que ocupa: ha dado ordenes muy terminantes, para que se le reunan todas las partidas que habia o hay diseminadas por varios rumbos, con el objeto de hacer un esfuerzo y meterse en Galveston, en cuyo punto cree hacer una defensa, contando con recursos. Aqui deheria concluir; pero creo de mi deber hacer presente a V. E., que este puerto no Io considero a proposito para hacer mi cuartel principal, por ser un punto casi aislado, y mucho mas, si nos coge en el una llovizna, por pequena que sea; pues que anegaria todas las avenidas. Es muy monluoso, y esta situado a la orilla del rio; por tadas partes es muy pantanoso, y solo se pueden transitar, y con trabajo, los caminos de Columbua y el que

conduce a la enlrada de! rio en el mar, aunque esle es muy pantanoso; tiene tres arroyos, y uno necesita chalan o bote para pasarlo. Aqui no se puede mantener la mulada, porque no hay paslo, y es todo el campo muy monluoso y panlanoso. Hay un chalan y dos boles en el puerlo, y si V. E. lo tiene a bien, se puede subir el primero y 1111 bole a Columbia, y establecer alli el cuarlel: desde aquel punlo se puede recorrer todo el arroyo de San Bernardo, hasta dondc desemboca al mar; otro tanto se puede hacer con am bas margenes de! rio; y la caballeria y mulada se repondra, a la vez que yo eslare mas inmediato al cuartel general, para recibir las ordenes de V. E. Este punto lo considero bastante cubierto con 200 infantes, y una pieza de artilleria; mucho mas, cstando mi cuarlel a cualro leguas de distancia, que es la que hay desde Columbia; sin embargo, V. E. resolvera lo que le parezca conveniente, pues lo espuesto es solamente opinion mia, en virtud de lo que tengo a la vista. Con este motivo, renuevo a V. E. las protestas de mi particular aprecio y respeto. Dios y libertad. Brazoria, Abril 22 de 1836. - Jose Urrea. - E.5cmo. Sr. presidente, D. Antonio Lopez de Santa-Anna, general en gefe de! ejercito de operaciones. [2830] [URREA to SESMA] Senor general D. Joaquin Ramirez y Sesma. - Brazoria, 22 de Abril de 1836. - l\1i muy querido amigo: Conteslo la apreciable de vd. antes de ayer, dandole las gracias por las noticias que conliene. Pienso, como vcl., que dando el golpe a Galveston, el asunto es enteramenle concluido, y acabo la convencion, la independencia &c.; pero es menester darlo pronto, porque las aguas se nos vienen encima; y si nos cogen por estas alturas, nos mantendran en ellas todo el ano. Por mi oficio al general Filisola, se enterara vd. de la ocupacion de Columbia y de este punlo, por la division de mi mando, y de la siluacion de los sublevados por este rumbo, y de las razones que me hacen inclinar por la eleccion <lei primero, para cstableccr en el mi cuartel principal. Celebro la llegada del amigo Gaona; pero mas me hubiera gustado que siguicra su marcha para Nacogdoches directamente.

Siento que no recibiera vd. los bizcochos, cuyo env10

repetire en primera oportunidad.

Si quiere vd. harina, pidamela; ahora no nos falta. Los companeros renuevan a vd. sus espresiones, incluso al amanuense, cuyo encargo del caballo, dejo vd. en el tintero. Me alegrare se mantenga vd. sin novedad, y me crea como siempre su verdadero amigo, que Jo ama y B. S. M. - Volvi a besar la rnano ... ya vd. sahe por que. Sean vdes. felices, y mantle vd. como pueda a su amigo que lo ama de corazon. - Jose Urrea. P. D. - Vamonos pronto de estas tierras, en donde no he tenido un dia bueno. Haga vd. un esfuerzo para que avancemos sobre la franchutada, acabemos, y luego a nuestras casas. - Vale. [2831) [WIGGINGTON to LEWIS]

Louisville Apl 22nd 1836

Dear Sir,

It was with great regret that I found myself compelled to leave Lexington on yesterday-morning, without seeing You, it being late when I awoke, the railroad car about to start, and my business at home urgently pressing, all which will I hope amount to a sufficient apology. I got here in the stage this morning after riding the whole night and as you May well suppose am in no very felicitous condition for writing. Yet fearing that unless I do so now you will have no opportunity of receiving a letter from me, before you leave Kentucky, I hasten to give you such information as I possess ,vith regard to Texas and her affairs. The rumor that Col Fannin has fought his way to Gen Houstons army, seems to gain credence, the statement that Houston Quitman and Young Crockett have taken on a large force is not doubted, and that volunteers are pouring into the relief of the Country from every quarter of the western and southern-States is uncontradicted. My Brother who we were informed only started with thirty Men, I learn had certainly forty, and probably upwards of fifty, for it was found after he got on the Boat which carried him, that there were many going who had given no previous information of their intentions to do so, desiring for reasons only known lo themselves, to keep their

intentions secret, until that moment, and the boat getting off before he could make a Count, no one learned the exact number he carried with him, and even after he had gone, some came in from the Country lo go. 24th you will perceive that I was unable to finish this letter on the day I commenced it, which was owing to professional engagements. I am pleased lo tell you, that on the day before yesterday Mr Stanberry arrived here with upward of forty volunteers from Cincinnati, and has been joined by enough here, who were unable lo gel off with my Brother, lo ~lake out about fifty, as he informs me. I also learned from him that two other companies from Wheeling and Pittsburgh would shortly be on, and that a Mr Ludlow of Cincinnati was preparing to raise a Regiment, which he Mr Stanberry Seemed to think would be an easy task. So we see that the work goes bravely on,-Col Harrison has heard nothing from Gen. Chambers as yet, but I hope soon will hear, he informs me he can easily obtain the necessary quota of !Vien, if he can only get .Money to buy horses etc, write to the Gen to come on immediately, for I assure you that Harrison project is worth his most vigilent attention, if the Battalion is raised I venture to predict, that it will be one of the most efficient and useful in the service. I very much wish you could enlist my friend Gist in the cause. I mean not as a private, but as an officer of Rank, for in him you would take to your country, an intelligent and amiable Gentleman, a brave man, and useful Citizen, and were he to join you, he has the means and I am very confident would use them with a liberal hand, to fit out a respectable force, both as it regards numbers and usefulness. Let me hear from you, immediately, and as often as you may have leisure to write. If you find that a Company or two can be raised in the neighborhood of Lexington, I would advise you, if I might advise al all, to connect them with Harrisons command. So as to make out one effective battallion ready for the field as soon as possible which you can no doubt accomplish by urging upon those who may take the lead in getting them up, the propriety of going as soon, and in as great force as possible. Mortimer R. Wiggington

•

Col. Lewis P. S. , Please bear in mind that my brother Alfred M. Wiggington will be in Texas when you return and that you cannot do me greater service, than by obtaining him some situation in which he can be useful the one you mentioned will be most suitable. M. R. W. Col-Lewis Lexington Ky If Col L. has left Mr. Ficklin is desired to forward this to him.

M.R. W.

[2832) [AUSTIN to YATE~]

New York April 23, 1836

Mr. A. J. Yates Sir,

Your letter dated at Washington City, April 1st 1836 containing a report of your proceedings under our letters of Instruction of the 21st and 22nd January last, has been received. Your several previous letters to us transmitting important information relative to the interests of our country, together with the efforts you · have made in her cause, not only meet our warmest approbation, but also entitle you to the gratitude of the people of Texas. We much regret to be under the necessity of discharging from further consideration, the purchase of a Steam Boat for the Government of Texas, in consequence of its slender finances, and of the immediate and more important demands for money to be applied to sustaining the army already in the field. The proposition to negotiate a loan in the City of New York which you have presented to us at the City of Washington, cannot be acted on by us, as it requires power with which we are not vested, and we must there fore decline it. We wish you to send us a statement of the disbursements in the mission in which you have been engaged, froui the time of your leaving the City of New Orleans, including your prospective expenses in returning to that City, with the vouchers of the account for our examination, and we will endeavour to provide the means for your reimbursement, before we leave the City. We still desire to leave the amount of your compensation for services, to be determined by the Government on your return,

at the same time giving both you and it, our assurances of unqualified approbation, at the manner in which you have discharged the duties of the situation in which you have been placed by us, and our earnest recommendation lo the Government to repay you in a liberal manner, for your exertions in behalf of the Country. We are much gratified to learn of your active efforts to raise a joint stock Steam Boat Company, and fit out a Steam Boat from this City for Texas, on the individual enterprise of your friends. Permit me to express to you our great satisfaction for your zeal in those efforts, and our earnest desire that you may succeed in accomplishing the object, as we are fully convinced of the great advantages of such a communication to the Government and people of Texas, and we most ardently wish for your success in the undertaking. SF Austin Wm. H. WharlonCommis.sioners of Texas BT Archer

[2833) [BURNET to HOUSTON]

Port of Galveston April 23 1836

Genl Sam Houston Dear Sir .

Mr. Linn proceeds as a volunteer to your aid-his conduct since he has been among us, has been entirely unexceptionable and has induced a general impression in his favor-He does not claim any exemption from his discharge but will at any time subject himself to investigation, whenever charges are regularly preferred against him. I believe you will find Mr. Linn a useful, efficient and zealous citizen, as anxious as any other to retrieve the disasters of our suffering Country-as such I commend him to you on the present interesting occasion-in haste

Yours &c David G. Burnet

[addressed:] Genl. Sam Houston Head Quarters Mr. Linn

(2834] [BURNET to RUSK]

Executive Deparlment, Post Galveston, 23d April, 1836.

To the Hon. Thomas J. Rusk:

Dear Sir: I have appointed Col. W. D. C. Hall acting Secretary of War during your absence. We are woefully in want of efficient officers at this point. Mr. Hardeman and your servant constilute the government, and Lieut. Hunter the commander, and almost the sum total of the little garrison. I devoutly hope that something is being done; that the work may be thoroughly accomplished; that you will be able to make advances upon the enemy; and although he may concentrate his two divisions, that you may be strong enough to meet and conquer them. I send you such supplies as we hear you most want. Others can be had, and will be forwarded as early as we are apprised of your needs. · It is always wise to guard against disasters, even when no disaster is apprehended. Should you be overpowered and see no rational prospect of resisting the overwhelming numbers of the enemy, I would suggest the propriety of the army retiring to this Island and making this important key of Texas the last resort of her brave defenders. Let us sustain this point, if we perish here, in the wreck of Texian independence. Should the army be able to meet the enemy, on something like hopeful terms, the highest exertions of military skill and gallantry will, I doubt not, be brought into exercise, to retrieve our heavy losses and our tarnished honor; and any success that may attend our arms, ought to be promptly and energetically followed up. No rest to the enemy, should be our motto. It is all-important that we be informed of the movements of the army. Leave us not to conjecture. If a retreat be necessary, we can cooperate with you and aid that retreat. Should you advance, we must know where to forward impplies. We send you twenty-nine volunteers under the command of Capt. Graham, arrived on Thursday from New-Orleans. The number we can muster from the Island I have not ascertained, but we will i;end you all we can gel to volunteer. We have some drones in our little hive, that are of liltle use here, and would be no acquii;ition to the

the Commander-in-Chief. Should the enemy make a descent upon us, we will do our very best; but I fear the result with our present means. Col. Harcourt should be returned as soon as practicable. This point must be kept. We have highly flattering accounts from the United States. Let us hold on a few weeks, and succor--ample succor, will be had. Etc. ect. In hast, your obedient servant, David G. Burnet. [28351 [DIGGES to HOUSTON)

Robins Ferry April 23rd 1836

To Genl Huston Sir,

I have the honour to inform you that three companies left here yesterday to join you as soon as possible, all mounted to expedite the march as much; there are also two more companies at this place who will take up their line of march today on foot, intending to join your army at headquarters as soon as possible they would also be mounted if hourses could be obtained but it is as much as we can do to procure pack horses without leaving families in a distressed situation: therefore the horses taken from here & also those of no use to the army could be driven to this place with safety they may again answer to transport men & baggage on to the army. The conduct of a Capt. Palmer, together with that of a person calling himself Capt. Ferguson (who has pressed horses gums &c Broak open houses & trunks & carryed off the contence & who has now either recrossed or in the act of recrossing the Trinity river with his load of plunder) has produced great discontent among the families on the road; if those who do press property hereafter do not produce sufficient authority for doing so I feat serious consequences will result from it. I have organized two companies of spyes from among the men moving on their families one under the direction of Coln. L. B. Franks in the direction of Gonzales & the other under the direction of Wm. Robinson Esqr. to spy between Beedi Creek & the Laberdee Road & on to the Brazos River. The last mentioned only to report in case an enemy should be advancing in that direction. The last mentioned returned just now and reports no enemy or sign of an enemy this side of the Navasoto, I am fully satisfied that I could facilitate the movement of troops from the

East greatly if I could be authorised to establish places of depot al proper distances between here & Red River; if the Genl approves my plan & will give me orders to execute I will die or execute it to the salisfaction of the troops & my commander. I have organized a company of men who have families to gard the ferry & I expect Mr. de Bland & myself will recruit a respectable force in a few days. I took up two deserters on the road here & I returned them to Capt. Smith & took from him the enclosed receipt. Cox is here with the negroes & horses what have I to do with him? A Mr. J. Turnor has just arrived from Sterling on the Navasoto (illegible] all well & many persons [illegible]. The two companies now here who were ranging as I [illegible] a few hours past have been [illegible]. April 26th. I congratulate you on the reports of the success of your army which have just arrived. For God sake Genl give me some hard task to perform that will enable me to prove to you [torn] particularly zealous in the cause of Liberty & my country.

Very respectfu!Jy I am Dear Genl your most obt servant Geo. P. Digges

[2836] [FILISOLA to URREA]

Ejercito de operaciones. - Principal. - Es absolutamente preciso que V. S., en el momento que reciba este y sin hacer alto alguno, se venga a este punto con todas las fuerzas que trae a sus ordenes, pues asi intersa al mejor servicio de la nacion. Dios y libertad. Holds-Fort, Abril 23 de 1836, a las tres de la tarde. - Vicente Filisola. - Sr. general D. Jose Urrea. [2837] [FORSYTH to CASS] Department of State, Washington, April 23, 1836. Sir: In compliance with your request, I have the honor to transmit a memorandum of the substance of what I stated in an official conference on the 20th instant, with Mr. Gorostiza, Envoy

Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Mexican Republic to the United States.

I have the honor to be, Your obedient servant, John Forsyth.

Hon. Lewis Cass, Secretary of War.

Memorandum for Mr. Gorostiza, of what was said to him by Mr. Forsyth, in their conference on the 20th of April, 1836. Mr. Forsyth stated to Mr. Gorostiza, that, in consequence of the contest in Texas, the movements of some citizens of the United States on the Red river, and apprehended hostile inten lions of the Indians in Mexico against the United States, and of the Indians within the United States against Mexico, orders would be given to General Gaines to take such a position with the troops of the United States as would enable him to preserve the territory of the United States and of Mexico from Indian outrage, and the territory of the United States from any violation by Mexicans, Texians, or Indians, during the disturbances unfortunately existing in that quarter, and that the troops of the United States would be ordered to protect the commissioners and surveyors of the two Governments, whenever they should meet to execute the instructions to be prepared under the treaty of limits between the United States and the United Mexican States. Should the troops, in the performance of their duty, be advanced beyond the point Mexico might suppose was within the territory of the United States, the occupation of the position was not to be taken as an indication of any hostile feeling, or of a desire to establish a possession or claim not justified by the treaty of limits. The occupation would be precautionary and provisional, and would be abandoned whenever (the line being run and the true limits marked) the disturbances in that region should cease, they being the only motive for it.

[2838) [FULTON to GREEN]

April 23rd 1836

Genl. Wm J. Green of the Texian Army D Sir

I have this day received the Commission of Major in the 2nd regiment of your Brigade in the Texian services and Dear sir I lake pleasure in informing you that I accept the same and do pledge my best services to your Bleeding country.

with sentiment of deep feelings I am sir your humble st. David M. Fulton

[2839] [HASKELL to------]

In Camp ~ miles above Linchburg, April 23d, 1836.

Dear Sir-

It would be needless for me to attempt to give you a minute detail of our battle of the 20th and 21st instant, suffice it to say, that on the 21st, we took the bold resolution to charge upon the enemy either to conquer or to die. The day before the enemy advanced on us, but soon retreated. In the afternoon we advanced on them, when our cavalry had a hot contest for ten or fifteen minutes. We killed between fifteen and twenty, and had only three badly wounded and two slightly. But on the 21st we did not give them time even to finish smoking their cigars. They did not take time to reload their guns, our fire was too hot to stand it, they broke. The field is literally covered with their dead bodies. Not less than 350 to 380 killed and wounded, God knows how many for I do not know as yet. We lost 6 killed, .whom we buried last night, and 15 wounded. We have now in our camp, prisoners, Santa Anna himself, thirty of his officers, and upwards of six hundred privates. The wounded is upwards of 130. About 11 officers were killed, some of distinction.- Never have I seen such a sight before; some of them have as many as five bullets through them and are yet alive, many will soon die. Santa Anna was taken prisoner ten miles above, disguised, a cap, a coarse pair of linen pantaloons, half washed coarse shirt.- He was brought where I was dressing the prisoners wounds. On their looking at the man, I asked them who he was- they answered Santa Anna. He asked for General Houston.

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