this time lo contain 65,000 souls. Of this augmentation, there will be in the village of Taos about 1,500; in Santa Fe, 2,500; in San Miguel, 1,000; and 2,000 in the other settlements. There are also eight thousand souls belonging lo Lhe families of rancheros or herdsmen, who will add lo the products, hut not lo the physical force of the country. Two tribes of Carancahuas, the one of which is friendly and the other opposed, are in the vicinity of Espiritu Santo, and have seventy or eighty warriors, or about three hundred and fifty souls each tribe. The rest will consist of the several little bands of Apaches, between the Paso del Norte and the mountains of Anahuaca. They were originally branches of the Comanches, and, like all the rest of the Indians in the country, are nomadic. The rancheros are several, and, in some instances, numerous herdsmen congragated upon a large estate called a hacienda, generally belonging to one proprietor. Some of the rancheros are feudal, where the land and greater profits, with certain services, are claimed by the haciendado or proprietary; others are allodial, there the herdsmen are either owners in fee, or are lessees al a rent in money or in kind, without the rendition of any personal du ties. The feudal tenures are confined lo the districts of Sanle Fe and Coahuila, and not many even there. Some of the haciendas have herds of one hundred thousand horned cattle, and very few less than ten thousand, exclusive of mules and horses. The rancheros themselves, of the poorest grade, have never less than two hundred head. This information is derived by inquiry of intelligent men who have traversed all that region of country; and I advert to it in order lo show the resources which the newly acquired portion of territory will bring in aid of the future operalions of the Stale, if her independence is acknowledged. As regards the population of emigrants from the Unitcd States, they are said to be not less than fifty thousand, being all those whom I have denominated Anglo-Americans. They have been coming lo this country from the first grant lo Moses Austin, in 1820, down to the present moment. Those who were here before the revolution were called settlers, because their objects were agriculture, trade, and commercial enterprises. Those who have come since the declaration of independence are termed emigrants, and devote themselves, in the first instance, as
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