The Austin Papers, Vol. 3

THE AUSTIN PAPERS· October, 1834-January, 1837

EDITED BY EUGENE C. BARKER

VOLUME III

PUBLISHED BY THB UNfVBRSITY OF ,TEXAS AUSTIN

University of Texas Preaa Austin

PREFACE

The American Historical Association in 1924 published the first volume of THE AUSTIN PAPERS (Annual Report for 1919, Volume II, in two parts. Washington: Government Printing Office. Pp. 1824-). The documents in that volume extend from 1789 through 1827. The Association will publish in a subsequent Report the second volume of THE AUSTIN PAPERS, carrying the documents through September, 1834,. This, the third volume, pub- lished by the University of Texas Press, completes the collection. It is to be regretted that all the material could not appear in a single series, but the generosity of the American Historical Association could not be extended to more than three thousand pages. THE AUSTIN PAPERS are the collection of materials accumulated by Moses and Stephen F. Austin in the progress of their busy enterprises from Virginia through Missouri and Arkansas to Texas. They consist of business memoranda, physiographical observations, petitions and memo• rials to local and superior governments, political addresses and proclama- tions, and much personal and official correspondence. Moses Austin illustrated in his own career the typical aspects of the business man in the Westward Movement; and Stephen F. Austin was, to a degree not approached by any other colonial proprietor in our history, the founder and the indispensable guardian and director during its early vicissitudes of a great American Commonwealth. THE AUSTIN PAPERS came into the possession of the University of Texas in 190J. by gift of the literary execu- tors of Colonel Guy M. Bryan, himself the nephew of Stephen F. Austin, who had had the custody of the papers during his life. In their entirety THE AUSTIN PAPERS are an absorbing human docu- ment, reflecting the life of the Austin family in Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, and illuminating the social and economic history-and to some extent the political history-of the American frontier from 1789 Lo 1836. A review of the first volume declared that: "Beyond all doubt, THE AUSTIN PAPERS comprise the most significant contribution that has· ever been made to the social history of the men and women who, to use Stephen F. Austin's oft recurring phrase, 'redeemed Texas from the wilderness.' " In general, the documents explain themselves and each other, but a few words of introduction are necessary to put the reader in touch with the situation at the beginning of this volume. Austin had gone to Mexico in the sum.mer of 1833 to present a petition for the organization of state government in Texas. This petition was denied, but other reforms were

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granted, and Austin started home in December, 1833. He was arrested at Saltillo and taken back to the capital. The immediate occasion of his arrest was an imprudent letter that he wrote to the ayuntamiento of San Antonio, advising it to head a movement for provisional organization of a state without waiting for the authorization of the government. No definite charge was made against him and he never came to tr~al, but he was kept in more or less rigorous confinement in various prisons from February 13 until December 25, 1835. The first three letters in this volume describe his experience during these trying months. On Christmas day, 1835, he was set at large under bond not to leave the federal district. His final release, in July, 1835, came as the result of a general political amnesty law. While waiting for the passage of this law Austin busied himself with the affairs of Texas. He published his Exposicion al Publico sobre los Asuntos de Tejas, which was designed to convince the authorities of the continued loyalty of Texas, and to some extent had that effect; and he dev~loped a plan for the opening of a government road through Texas lo Chihuahua. This road had for its immediate object the diversion of the Santa Fe-North Mexican trade from St. Louis and Independence, Mis- souri, to Texas; and for its ultimate object it probably had in view the establishment of indissoluble economic ties between Texas and the North Mexican States. There is evidence in Austin's correspondence during his last six months in Mexico that he then abandoned hope of permanent union of Texas with Mexico. He did not know when the breach would come; he wanted it to be delayed until it could be effected with little risk to Texas. It came much sooner than he expected or desired. On his arri;al in Texas at the beginning of September-he had paid a·flying visit to New Orleans after leaving Mexico-he found that the colonists had already called a Consul- tation to define the attitude of Texas toward the "reforms" that Santa Anna was effecting in the federal constitution. Austin threw himself into the task of making the Consultation thoroughly representative. Before the Consultation met, however, war had begun. Austin was called to command the volunteers, and laid siege to San Antonio. His management of the volunteer force during October and November, 1835, has been characterized by a competent student of military history as "a military marvel." From the command of the army Austin was summoned by the provisional gov- ernment which had been established to undertake, with William H. Wharton and Branch T. Archer, a mission to the United States. He was in the United States from January to June, 1836, stimulating sympathy and lllpport for the Texans and trying to obtain from the government of the United States recognition of the independence of Texas. He and his associates were unsuccessful in winning recognition-mainly because of

the stupid neglect of the Texas government to furnish them official infor- mation about conditions in Texas. Austin returned to Texas in June, and continued his efforls to obtain recognition until his death in December, 1836. In August he had become a candidate for the presidency of Texas. He was defeated by General Houston, but when Houston offered him the appointment of Secretary of State he accepted-as he had accepted all the tasks that had fallen to him in the past fifleen years-in the hope of being able to forward the interests of Texas and its people. This is the story in brief which the documents in this volume tell. While the documents are primarily valuable for the biography of Austin, they illuminate the history of the Texas revolution and throw much light on contemporary conditions in Mexico and the United States.

EUGENE C. BARKER.

The University of Texas, April 15, 1926.

CALENDAR

Austin to James F. Perry, Mexico, October 6, 1834. Instructing Perry to take charge of his business. _______________ _______ 1 Au&tin to James F. Perry, Mexico, October 6, 1834. Judicial procedure in Mexico. Vague charges against him make defense difficult, even if his case could get to trial. Rumored in Mexico that he has many enemies in Texas. Almonte's investigation of Texas may lead to its transfer to the United States-in fact, be believes that it will be transferred within two years____________ 1 Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, October 6, 1834. Slow progress of his case. Enemies in Texas and in Mexico, and the causes of their enmity. Loyalty to Mexico and benefits to the people of Texas repaid by ingratitude. Hope of. relief in the rise of Santa Anna___ __________________ 6 Ferguson, Jones and Company to James F. Perry, Philadelphia,. October 7, 1834. Statement of account. Sorry Perry is going out of business. Hard "Jackson" times ·for past year. (Omitted.)___ ________ _ ___ 8 Austin to George Fisher, Mexico, October 15, 1834. Thanking Fisher for favors and asking him to report to Perry arrival of Grayson and Jack with memorials in his behalf -------------- -----·----- 8 Austin to Thomas F. McKinney, Mexico, October 18, 1834. Deeply grateful for mission of Grayson and Jack in his behalf. Asks destruction of a letter written October 6. Robertson ColonY-----------------~----10 Edmund Andrews to James F. Perry, October 23, 1834. Concerning collection of insurance. (Omitted.)_______________________ 14 Joseph B. Heard to James F. Perry, Boston, October 24, 1834. Asking where- abouts of Samuel Maxwell. (Omitted.)____ _____________ 14 J. P. Borden to J. P. P. and Gail Borden, Goliad, October 25, 1824. Description· of the town. (Omitted.)__ _____ _ ___________ 14 Edmund Andrews to James F. Perry, October 26, 1834. Concerning collection of insurance. Wants a cook. (Omitted.) _________________ 14 Central Committee to the Public, October 28, 1834. Opposing a call issued by Political Chief Henry Smith to form a state government. (Omitted.) _____ 14 Samuel M. Williams to Austin, October 29, 1834. Rejoicing at revulsion in Austin's favor. Local political differences_________________ H James B. Miller to James F. Perry, October 31, 1834. Asking him to supervise the printing of the Central Committee's address to the public_________ 15 Thomas F. McKinney to James F. Perry, November 4, 1834. Enclosing draft of reply to "demagogues and scoundrels"------------------- 16 Austin to James F. Perry, Mexico, November 6, 1834. Almonte's report on Texas has created favorable feeling for Austin. Reflections on his past policies. Faults of North American character _ _ _____ ---------~--17 Austin to James F. Perry, Mexico, November 6, 1834. Business instructions. Irresponsible publications from Texas injure him. Wishes harmony in Texas __ 22 Election Returns, November 8, 1834. Brazoria vote for and against holding provisional congress at Bexar on November 15______________ 23 William H. Wharton to the Public, November 9, 1834. A card denouncing Austin. 25 Henry Austin to James F. Perry, November 14, 1834. Encloses copy of an

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address which he drafted. Thinks unnecessary now to circulate i.____ -- 26 Henry·Austin to James F. Perry, November 24, 1834. Jackson has been assured that Austin will not be harmed____ ----- ------------- 29 P. W. Grayson: memorandum of conversation, November -, 1834. Concerning Austin's part in insurrection of 1832________ ---- -------------·----- 29 Austin to Thomas F. McKinney, Mexico, December 2, 1834. Advice concerning state politi~--------------------------- -·----------------------- 30 Gail Borden, Jr., to John P. Coles, Drcember 2, 1834. Surveying. (Omitted.) ___ 31 James F. Perry to Susan Maxwell, December 3, 1834. Reply to inquiry con- cerning her husband. (Omitted.)____ ----- -----·····-·- 31 E. R. Wightman in account with W. G. Whiteside, December 5, 1834. Bill and Price List ________ ·-------···-·-·-·---------·--·-------·---- 31 James F. Perry to Austin, December 7, 1834_ Lpca1 political movements in Texas. Austin's enemies ---------·--- _________ _____ 32 J. B. Miller to James F. Perry, December 10, 1834. Boarding schooL- - -····· 35 W. S. Parrott to James F. Perry, Mexico, December 24, 1834. Prospect of Austin's release on bail___ ·-- ---- -------·-----·------ 35 Ramon Musquiz to (Ayuntamiento of San Felipe de Austin?), Bexar, December 26, 1834. Nominees whom Bexar is supporting for state elections. Suggests election of Williams to represent Department of the Brazos in State Congress. (Omitted.) ---------------------------35 J. B. Guerra to Austin, December 30, 1834. Receipt f~r $240, payment for stamped paper used in preparing Austin's case for court___ -----··-----3~ Austin to Samuel M. Williams, December 31, 1834. Released on bond Decem- ber 25. Favorable changes in situation of Texas. Political condition~---- 36 Samuel M., Williams to James F. Perry, January 7, 1835. Political movements. Robertson Colony ________________ --------·------ 37 William B. Bridgers to Gail Borden, Jr., January 9, 1835. Application for land. (Omitted.) -------·------------- 38 Elisha Flack to Gail Borden, Jr., January 10, 1835. Surveying. (Omitted.) ___ 38 G. B. Jameson to Gail Borden, Jr., January 11, 1835. Land. (Omitted.) _____ 38 John M. Austin to Austin, Montpelier, Vt., January 14, 1835. Claiming kinship. (Omitted, but see digest in text.)____ ____ _________ 38 Samuel M. Williams to James F. Perry, January 14, 1835. Business notes. Going to Monclova and will not forget Austin's .enemies and his own____ 38 James F. Perry to Lastraps and Desmare, January 15, 1835. Loss of goods on fessel. Insurance. Cotton crop ------···------------------ 39 • Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, January 21, 1835. Expects ·· to leave ll\ two or three weeks. Wants to remain only a short time in Texas_ _________ 40 Military Commandmant to his Superior, Bexar, January 27, 1835. Concerning movement of soldiers to prevent smuggling on the Lavaca. (Omitted.) _____ 40 J. M. Gutierrez de Estrada to--, Mexico, January 25, 1835. Wants copy of land laws of the United States. Wishes to repeal restrictions against purchase of land by aliens. (Omitted.)___ ___ _ ___ 41 Samuel M. Williams to N. J. Dobie, January 27, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)____ 41 Baker and Borden to James F. Perry, January 29, 1835. Asking assistance in establishing a press at San Felipe. (Omitted. See text.)------------·----41 David Silcriggs to Gail Borden, Jr., January 29, 1835. Asking him to choose a town lot. (Omitted.>------------ ·---------- 41 Austin to James F. P~rry, Mexico, February 6, 1835. Publication of his pamphlet hu created good feeling. Trouble with Anthony But1er. Plans for the future_____ 41 viii

Andrew Ponton lo Gail Borden, Jr., February 13, 1835. Concerning land titles. (Omitted, but see text.)_··----·-····-··-··-·---· __ _ ______:_ 42 Austin lo Samuel M. Williams, February 14, 1835. Promoting a road to Chihua- lma through Texas. His Exposicion has corrected false impressions concerning Texas. Robertson Colony. Opposition to territorial government for Texas made him enemies ----·--·------········----·----·---·------------------·---·---·- 42 James F. Perry to Joseph B. Heard, February 15, 1835. Answering query con- cerning whereabouts of Mr. Maxwell. Merchandise. (Omitted.).._________ 44 John Rice Jones to James F. Perry, February 15, 1835. Wishes to sell his Missouri negroes in order lo raise capital for mercantile business. Jones and Townsend. (Omitted.) -·-----·--··--------···---··--····- -·-·---·--------·--- 44 W. Cave to Gail Borden, Jr., February 17, 1835. Report on surveying. (Omitted.) 4-1 Ayuntamiento of Mina to Samuel M. Williams, February 25, 1835, asking for public documents belonging to the jurisdiction of that Ayuntamiento. (Omitted.) 44 Ferguson and Hall to James F. Perry, Philadelphia, February 27, 1835. An- nouncing change of firm name. Sending papers for Austin. (Omitted.)·-··'------ 44 Austin to James F. Perry, Mexico, March 4, 1835. Improvements for Texas- mail routes and roads. Officials friendly. Social amusements---- -----·-··-··- 45 Austin to James F. Perry, Mexico, March 10, 1835. Still detained by delay in passing amnesty law. Plans for furthering commercial advancement of Texas. Tariff exemption and trade with Chihuahua. Policy for Texas past and future.__ 46 Austin to Williams, Mexico, March 14, 1835. Delay in passage of amnesty law. Robertson Colony. Made enemies by opposing territorial government for Texas in 1833-Butler, Mason, Mexia...•.·--·-··---···--·-·-···-·----··•.-····----------·- 49 John Gordon to John P. Borden, March 16, 1835. Wants position to manage newspaper-the Texas Planter. (Omitted.).......·-·----·--·-·- - · ____ 50 Reason Mercer to Gail Borden, Jr., March 17, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)·-----50 Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, March 21, 1835. Amnesty law still de- layed. Enemies on account of opposition to territorial government. Review of relations with Robertson and the Robertson Colony...·----·----- . • _ 50 G. B. Jameson to Gail Borden, Jr., March 22, 1835. Land. (Omitted.) ______.. 52 Ira R. Lewis lo Gail Borden, Jr., March 23, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)······-··--52 Ge·orge M. Patrick lo Gail Borden, Jr., March 23, 1835. Asking for field notes. (Omitted.) ····-···-··-·---··--------·-···---·-----·- __________ _ 52 Thomas H. Brenan to Austin, March 23, 1835. Asking help getting titles for settlers on the Trinity River. Settlers in East Texas have confidence in Austin. (Omitted.) ----------·•------·-·----·--···--·------- ____ ___ 52 • Military Commandant of Texas lo his Superior, Bexar, March 23, 1835. Informed that colonists will not recognize customs collector, nor pay duties, and that they are arming even children to prevent troops being stationed among them. In past month 250 families introduced into Department of Nacogdoches and 10,000 souls in Nacogdoches and in Austin's colonies combined. (Omitted.) ____"___ 52 Henry Meigs to Austin, New York, March 26, 1835. Forsyth says nothing in- jurious to you reported (by Anthony Butler)·········-·--····-·····---·- ---- :i2 Military Commandant to Superior, Bexar, March 28, 1835. Has subscribed for the newspaper issued at Brazoria. Does not trust the political chief at Bexar because he favors separation of Coahuila and Te."'tas. (Omitted.)·- -·-··-----53 Austin to James F. Perry, Mexico, March 28, 1835. Instructing him not to sell certain lands -----·····-·---··-----·-----------·-·-·· ------ 53 W. Barrett Travis to Gail Borden, Jr., March 28, 1835. Concerning land claims- Montgomery, Stockton, C. C. Dyer, Stafford. (Omitted.)_._·-·-·--·--- ---- 53 ix

W. W. Hunter to James F. Perry, New Orleans, March 28, 1835. Flatboat trade from Missouri. Texas item_,_______ ___ ----5•1 Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, l\farch 28, 1835. Hoping that Monclova will not start an insurrection. He is still detained in Mexico by delay in passing the amnesty law __________ ----------------"--------- 55 Bartlett Sims to Gail Borden, Jr., March 30, 1835. Surveying. Wants plotting paper. (Omitted.) _______ _ _ ______________ 53 Austin to George Fisher, Mexico, March 30, 1835. Sending CQPY of his Expo- sition. Affairs in Mexico,____,_______ _______________________ 55 Samuel M. Williams to Austin, Monclova, l\forch 31, 1835. Governor and Leg- islature will petition for release of Austin. . Robertson Colony business. Two thousand persons immigrated into Texas in January and February_______ 56 Samuel J\I. Williams to James F. Perry, Monclova, April 1, 1835. Giving news of Austin _______________ ____________________ 5~ Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, April 1, 1835. Civil war threatened. Texas must not participate. Instructions concerning fees claimed by government in first colony_________ ___ ·---·--···--- 59 Joshua Nelson to Austin, April 2, "1835. Introducing Dr. Amos Pollard, who arrived in Texas December 23, 1833, and A. C. Holmes, who arrived in April, 1834. Both want land. (Omitted.)__________________________ 5~ H. L. Cooke to Gail Borden, Jr., April 2, 1835. Petition for land. In Toxas since 1831. (Omitted.) _______________ __ 59 Military Commandant of Texas to his Superior, Bexar, April 4, 1835. Will try to prevent from going into effect the decree selling Texas land. Needs money and supplies for Indian war. (Omitted.)________________ 59 Martin Perfecto de Cos to Military Commandant of Texas, Saltillo, April 4, 1835. Instructing him to keep informed of movements of the colonists. (Omitted.) 59 Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, April 4, 1835. Is offered contract to deliver 300,000 pounds of cotton at Vera Cruz during next two years at twenty cents a pound. Fees in first colony______ _______ ______ 60 Henry Austin to Gail Borden, Jr., April 8, 1835. Instructions to issue title to a colonist. Austin fo pay all fees and receive half the land. Anderson Estis. He was with Austin "on his first tour above the m;untains." (Omitted.) ____________,_ 60 S. Rhoads Fisher to Gail Borden, Jr., April 9, 1835. Concerning land which he wants to "clear out" of the office on shares. (Omitted. See text.)____ 66 Domingo de Ugartechea to Martin Perfecto de Cos, Bexar, April 13, 1835. Reporting steps taken to observe movements of colonists. Has sent in two cor- porals in disguise and subscribed for the newspaper. Needs money. (Omitted.)_ 60 John Rice Jones to Baker and Bordens, April 14, 1835. Claiming commission for subscriptions to the Telegraph and Texas Register. (Omitted.) ______________ 61 Domingo de Ugartechea to Captain Antonio Tenorio, Bexar, April 14, 1835. Asking for full report on state of public opinion in East Texa~. (Omitted.) ____ 61 Frank W. Johnson to Gail Borden, Jr., Monclova, April 15, 1835. Political dis- turbances. Help wanted from Texas. Memorials in favor of Austin_ _______ fl Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, April 15, 1835. Condemning law of the state legislature for the sale of four hundred leagues of land. Advises calm aloofness from Mexican politics_____________________ 62 Elias R. Wightman to Gail Borden, Jr., April 17, 1835. Surveying orders and. reports. (Omitted.) _____________________ 63 Bartlett Sims to Gail Borden, Jr., April 20, 1835. Land surveys. (Omitted.) 63

Susan W. Maxwell to James F. Perry, Boston, April 20, 1835. Concerning dis- appearance of her husband and instructions for disposition of effects_____ 63 Domingo de Ugartechca to Martin Perfecto de Cos, Bexar, April 20, 1835. Enclosing letters from Tenorio at Anahuac showing need of reinforcements and supplies. (Omitted.) ----------- ---- ·-·--·---------------····- •_____ 65 Domingo de Ugartechca to Martin Perfecto de Cos, Bexar, April 20, 1835. Wagons which he sent to Copano to transport baggage of Battalion of Morelos detained at great cost by delayed arri\'al of troops. When may he expect them? (Omitted.) ____________________________ 65 S. Rhoads Fisher to Gail Borden, Jr., April 21, 1835. Concerning three leagues of land on which he is paying fees for share in ·the land. (Omitted.) ___ 65 Samuel M. Williams to Austin, l\fonclova, April 22, 1835. Cotton speculation. Application for bank charter. Thinks no fees will be claimed by state on lands in Austin's first colony. Improvements at mouth of Brazos ____ 65 Thomas J. Tone lo Gail Borden, Jr., April 24, 1835. Land. (Omitted.} ___ 67 Ira R. Lewis to Gail Borden, Jr., April 25, 1835. Introducing Mr. Clement of Mobile. (Omitted.} ____________ ···--·--- _ ____ __________ 67 James Burleson lo Gail Borden, Jr., April 25, 1835. Land. (Omitted.) ___ 67 William K. Wilson to Samuel M. Williams, April 26, 1835. Desiring land__ 67 Domingo de Ugartechea to Cos, Bexar, April 27, 1835. Governor has asked for 200 militia to sustain the government. :Much uneasiness in the colonies. Wants reinforce~cnts. (Omitted.)_________________ _______ 67 Joseph Kuykendall to James F. Perry, April 28, 1835. Acknowledging a note and •offering to pay in cattle____________________ ___________ 67 Henry Austin to Gail Borden, Jr., April 28, 1835. Paying fees on certain land for share of the land. Benefit of .Mrs. Holley. (Omitted.) __________ 67 Austin to Samuel M. Williams, .Mexico, April 29, 1835. Butler's machinations lo injure him. Butler's unpopularity in Mexico. Does not understand Moxican politics. Nobody does; just waiting. The four hundred league law_____ 68 H. Meigs to Austin, New York, May 2, 1835. Conceals what Austin writes from all except the President and John Forsyth. Will leave no fair means un- tried to serve you._____________ -------------------69 WilJiam Hardin to Gail Borden, Jr., May 4, 1835. Land Transfer. Recites some history of his residence in Texas. (Omitted.}----·------------69 Henry Austin to James F. Perry, May 5, 1835. Efforts of land speculators at Monclova to prevent repeal of sales to them. Will create uneasiness in United States and check immigration. Texas jury trial unsatisfactory_________ 70 James F. Perry to Austin, May 5, 1835. General conditions in Texas. William's land speculations at Monclova._________ _____ _____ _ ____ 71 Austin to Samuel M. Williams, Mexico, May 6, 1835. Amnesty law passed, and hopes to he free soon. Butler's efforts to start rebellion in Texas. Legislature discredited by speculations________ ----------------------73 Henry Austin to Gail Borden, Jr., May 8, 1835. Land for A. C. Ainsworth. (Omitt~d.) ___________ -------------.~ 74 Henry Austin to Gail Borden, Jr., May 8, 1835. Land for David G. Richardson on which he pays fees and gets a share. Mrs. Holley. Loan________ 7.J. Henry Austin to Gail Borden, Jr., May 9, 1835. Land for William Frampton on which he pays fees and gets share-"Cahoot." ~rs. Holley now a resident of Bolivar. (Omitted.) ---- ---------------- 74 G. B. Jameson to Gail Borden, Jr., May 11, 1835. Land surveys and titles. (Omitted.) _____ ___ ---------------- 71 xi

William W. Lewis to D. Comfert, Clinton, Miss., May 12, 1835. Agreement concerning land. (Omitted.) ·····--········----·······-·-··----·--·-·-··-·····----·-·- - 74 Israel McGready to James F. Perry, Potosi, Mo., May 11, 1835. Business and social letter. (Omilled, but see digest.)·-···-······-·-·········--·-··--··········--········-····-- 7 1 1 Henry Austin to Gail Borden, Jr., May 11, 1835. Land for A. J. Worthly on which he pays fees and gets a share. (Omilled.) ··--·---·······-··-···- -··--·- ··- ··- 74 Thomas J. Gazley to Gail Borden, Jr., May 11, 1835. Disputed land claim. Charles S. Smith vs. Harman. (Omitted.) _.___ ·--·--- ·- ·-····--····-··-············-·· 7':, Fayette Copeland lo Gail Borden, Jr., May 16, 1835. Concerning a land title acquired from W. B. Dewees. who "does not stand fair among the old settlers." (Omilied.) ·---·-···········-··-· -··-··.• - -·- - ·-··-··..············- ·--····-·-··-··········-··--······ 7:i W. C. White to Gail Borden, Jr., May 17, 1835. Introducing P. T. Phillips, who desires land formerly granted to William Casper. (Omitted.)······••·•··-·····-- 75 Jesse Bartlett lo Gail Borden, Jr., May 20, 1835. Surveys. (Omitted.)·-·····-·-- 75 Charles D. Sayre to James F. Perry. May 21, 1835. Appointing Perry executor of his estate and listing properly-part of the property being "eighteen negroes." (Omitted.) - ------····---··-····--··-·---··--·--·•-·•······················-···-·-75 Jared E. Groce, Jr., to Gail Borden, Jr., May 22, 1835. Land. (Omillcd.) ····-- 75 Thomas J. Gazley lo Gail Borden, Jr., May 25, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)······-·-- 75 Ira R. Lewis lo Gail Borden, Jr., May 30, 1835. Introducing Gentlemen from Mississippi who want land-Messrs. McKentzey and Hamilton. (Omitted.)··-·-·-- 75 James Kerr lo Gail Borden, Jr., June 3, 1835. Subscribing to the Telegraph. Opposition to land speculations at Monclova. Death of DeWitt...........·-······-······-·· 75 Philip Dimmitt to Samuel M. Williams, June 4, 1835. Land titles. (Omitted.) 76 James F. Caldwell to Gail Borden, Jr., June 10, 1835. Land titles-estate of Henry W. Munson. (Omitled.) --·-·····-- ---····-----···--·---- -·- ······- ······--·-· 77 J. Gordon to Baker and Bordens, June 12, 1835. Concerning employment as a printer. Does not like to Jive at Brazoria. (Omitted.)··--·---·-·-··················-····· 77 Henry McDowell to Gail Borden, Jr., New Orleans, June 14, 1835. Wants copy for a map of Texas more accurate than any yet out. Wants Borden to draw it. (Omit1ed.) ----·- -·-·-···-··-------······---·-··-··----·-·----·------·--· 77 J. G. McNeil to James F. Perry (about June 22, 1835). Land speculators trying to raise a storm. Must be stopped -------·--·--- -··-·-··--··--·--··-········ 77 Henry Austin to James F. Perry, June 24, 1835. Effort being made to involve us in immediate revolution.-.•.--·---·----·------··----·------···---··-·· 77 Bartlett Sims to Gail Borden, Jr., June 25, 1835. Land for Greenbury Overton and P. S. Brown. (Omitted.) •.•.- - ~- ·----- - ·-·-···-·- ---····- -··········-··- ·-···· 78 Judicial Decree, June 26, 1835. Declaring that the amnesty law covers Austin's case, and releasing him from baiL- - - -- -----·--·-··---- ·-·-- ·-·:·- ····-········ 7fJ J. B. Miller to Public, July 1, 1835. Orders organization of militia and election of three delegates from each municipality to consult with him on August 1 ........... 79 Edward Gritten to Colonel Ugartechea, Gonzales, July 5, 1835. Gonzales and Mina do not support the radical measures of San Felipe. Sane portion of Texas desires peace. - ------------------------ 80 Benjamin R. Milam to Francis W. Johnson, Punto Lampazos, July 5, 1835. Re• counting political disturbances in Monclova_ .______________ 82 Edward Gritten to Colonel Ugartechea, Gonzales, July 6, 1835. Colonists much excited by rumors, but sane part of the people do not wish a breach with Mexico. Assure them that the troops are not intended to attack them and they can restore order themselves ___ _ ----··------------·----·--·---- 83

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Edward Gritten to Colonel Ugartechea, Gonzales, July 7, 1835. Sending resolu- tions of Columbia disapproving the attack on Anahuac. Desire for peace____ 84 Edward Gritten to Colonel Ugartechea, Gonzales, July 9, 1835. People peace- fully disposed and regaining tranquility, but would not submit to occupation of Texas by more troops than needed to guard custom houses and repel Indians. Would rather do this work themselves·--··-··---·--··---···-······- --- 85 Thomas M. Blake to Gail Borden, Jr., July 10, 1835. Land. Has been in Texas five years. (Omitted.)_··-···-····--·--·-·-··----- - ----··--·--·-- 87 Edward Gritten to Colonel Ugartechea, Gonzales, July 11, 1835. Party left San Felipe to· attack Anahuac. All parties seem to be uniting on call of a convention ·····----·-····----- -------- ---·-··----- ·---·--··-- ?,7 Austin's passport, July 11, 1835. To leave Mexico and go to Texas by most convenient route -········--··-·- ····-·-···················-··-····-·--·-··-·-··--·--··--··-·-·--·· nn Martin Perfecto de Cos to Ayuntamicntos of Texas, July 12, 1835. Irresponsible men are stimulating discord in Texas. Purpose of sending troops to Texas: to maintain order and establish the custom houses. (Omitted.)·-·--··--···-·- --- 89 Daniel Ayers to Gail Borden, Jr., July 12, 1835. Land. (Omitted.) ..·-·----·- 89 H. J. Offutt to Austin, Mexico, July 12, 1835. Transmitting by Austin money for payment on Texas land,;. (Omitted.) ..•·-···-··--··- ·- ····-·-·- ······- •·-·---·-·- 89 Austin in account with Washington Hotel, Mexico, July 12, 1835.----·--·- - 89 Austin to James F. Perr)", Mexico, July 13, 1835. Leaving next week by Vera Cruz or Tampico. Tranquillity in Mexico.____ _______ -·-90 Edward Gritten to Colonel Ugartechea, San Felipe, July 17, 1835. Great desire for peace, but invasion will be the signal for union of all Texans. Nothing needed to restore tranquillity but to refrain from bringing in troops·-·····----·-··---91 John Y. Wallace to Gail Borden, Jr., July 18, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)-·- - - 91 Asa Brigham to J. A. Wharton, ct al., July 19, 1835. Strong for federal form of government but wants no war with Mexico·-··--·-··-··--····----------·-······-··---92 S. Dooley to Gail Borden, Jr., July 22, 1835. Land---··--- _ _ _ 93 Daniel Ayers to Gail Borden, Jr., July 22, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)··----·--·- 94 Isham Philips to Gail Borden, Jr., July 23, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)·-··-·-·- -· 94 Court martial of Tomas Garcia for desertion, July 20, 1835. (Omitted.) _..____ 94 Sub.contractors of Galveston Bay and Texas Land Company to Santa Anna, New York, July 25, 1835. Petition for extension of contract to settle 1200 families. (Omitted, but see text for summary.) ..·-·--·--·-----·- --····---·--····----··-- 9·1 Charles Messer to Gail Borden, Jr., July 27, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)····-·--· 94 Jefferson George to Gail Borden, Jr., July 27, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)··--··--· 94 Asa Brigham to James F. Perry, July 29, 1835. Instructions as member of Ayuntamiento of Columbia. (Omitted.)-···-···---··---··-·-- -····-·-·····-····--·-·-- 91 W. B. Travis to Ugartechea, San Felipe, July 31, 1835. Apology for attack on Anahuac ···-·--····--·--- - ·-··-·-··-·-··-·-·-····----·-··---··---····--··------··- 95 Thomas Jefferson Chambers to Ira R. Lewis, July 31, 1835. Judiciary. Quiet• ing the war party....••····- ·-····-----··--·-··--·-·-----··-·····- ··-- :..--..- -- 96 General Martin Perfecto de Cos to Ayuntamiento of Columbia. Matamoras August 1, 1835. Asks surrender of Travis for attack on Anahuac. (Omitted.) __ 96 James Kerr to Ira R. Lewis, August 3, 1835. Describing action of a meeting at San Felipe and plans for restoration of tranquility__.. - -------'- 96 Edward Gritten to James F. Perry, Bexar, August 4, 1835. Assuring him of Austin's welfare ··-··---····-···-·-··-·--····--·-·······--·-···-·--···---·-·---··--97 J. H. Money ot Gail Borden, Jr., August 6, 1835. Land for John J. White• sides. (Omitted.) _ ..:____ ___··-··-··--·- ·- - ---- - - - ---- 97

Xlll

Wily Martin to Ayuntamiento of Columbia, August 10, 1835. Transmitting Colonel Ugartechea's order for arrest of F. W. Johnson, R. M. Williamson, Travis, S. M. Williams, Mosely, Baker, and Zavala. (Omitted.)_---------··· 97 Minister of Relations to Ayuntamiento of Gonzales, Mexico, August 12, 1835. Acknowledging loyal resolutions of July 7 and promising attention to needs of Texas. (Omitted.) --------------------- 97 Daniel Yeamans to Gail Borden, Jr., August 15, 1835. Land. (Omitted.) _____ 98 Benjamin F. Smith to James F. Perry, August 15, 1835. Thinks convention necessary for union, but opposed to convention at present______________ 98 General Cos to Colonel Ugartechea, Translation dated August 15, 1835. Order for arrest of Zavala. (Omiued.)__________ --- --······· 99 Meeting at Columbia, August 15, 1835. Call for convention. (Omitted, but see text for reference.)________________ ------···---- 99 Resolutions for Nacogdoches meeting August 15, 1835. . Statement of grievances. (Omiued, but see text for summary.) -------------·····-·-·--·· 100 Austin in account with Hotchkiss & Co., New Orleans, August 10, 1835. Book purchases________ ____________ ··- - ·- ····--·101 Austin to Mrs. Mary Austin Holley, New Orleans, August 1, 1835. Texas must become a slave stale and ultimately ought to belong to the United States. Desires a great immigration_______________ _ _ _ ____ 101 Austin lo H. Meigs, New Orleans, August 22, 1835. Invoducing S. M. Williams and asking for him introduction to John Forsyth. Forecast of large immigation to Texas ------------·------------------ 104 Austin to Samuel M. Williams, New Orleans, August 22, 1835. Large immigra- tion will make Texas safe. Must stand aloof from Mexican politics-nothing lo expect from either party-must grow strong. The New York companies should send emigrants ----·-------------- - -----··---··--104 D. C. Barrett to citizens of Mina, Bexar, August 23, 1835. Political advice. Means of reconciliation with Mexico•-------------- ____ 105 John Dix to James F. Perry, August 28, 1835. Payment for a horse. (Omitted.) _ 107 Horatio Allsberry to the Public, August 28, 1835. Mexican designs against Texas.._107 Colonel Ugartechea to· Alcalde of Columbia, Bexar, August 29, 1835. Urging him to prevent trade in arms and ammunition with Indians. (Omi11ed.) ________109 John Rice Jones, Jr., to Moses Austin Bryan (?), September 1, 1835. Political gossip and resolutions adopted by a meeting at San Felipe on August 26___ _ _ __109 J. Antonio Padilla to Barrett and Gritten, Bexar, September 2, 1835. Sugges• lions for procedure of Texans, in case of military occupation of Texas. ..._______110 Colonel Ugartechea to Political Chief of Department of Brazos, Bexar, Septem- ber 3, 1835. Instructing him to suspend land gran..,___________ .111 John R. Jones, Jr., to M. A. Bryan, September 3, 1835. Borrowing a Spanish book. (Omitted.)_______ _ ___________ _lll Benjamin F. Smith, et al., to Austin, September 4, 1835. Inviting Austin to a dinner commemorating his return___________ ____ ____ 112 Wily Martin, et al., to Austin, September 5, 1835. Arranging escort of honor to accompany him into San Felipe. Note by Gail Borden on joy of the people at Austin's return ' ________112 F. W. Johnson to Austin, September 5, 1835. Considers Austin's return op- portune. Unity necessary for safety of Texas and Austin alone can effect it. Invites him to meeting at San Felipe September 12. Note by Gail Borden, Jr,___lU Inhabitants of Lavaca 'and Navidad to Austin, September 8, 1835. Welcome on return from Mexico _________________ _____ _ __115

xiv

Austin to People of Texas, September 8, 1835. Reporting conditions in Mexico, Santa Anna's determination to abolish the federal system, and necessity of con- vention in Texas to enable Texans to determine on their attitude toward the change__ ll/i Bartlett Sims to F. W. Johnson, September 9, 1835. • Land. (Omitted.).______ 121 Henry Austin to Mrs. M. A. Holley, September 10, 1835. Conservatives have been holding war party in check awaiting Austin's return. Will now know what to do ___ _______ _____ _ _____119 Austin to James F. Perry, September 11, 1835. Asking for supplies to furnish bachelor quarters --=--- _______ ____ _ _____ 121 Governor to Political •Chief of Department of the Brazos, Sa1tillo, September 12, 1835. Notifying him of extension of the colonization contracts of Bernardo Gonza1es and Vicente Filisola. (Omitted.) _ ____________________________ 121 San Felipe meeting, September 12, 1835. Resolutions on state of the country, endorsing consultation, and appointing committee of safety______________ l22 Austin to James F. Perry, September 14, 1835. Elated over prospect for union and harmony. Reasons for consultation____ -----~------- ·---1~4 Thomas G. Western to Austin, September 16, 1835. Congratulating him on return __ _ ________ _________________l2j D. C. Barrett to Austin, September 17, 1835. Opinion concerning Robertson's Colony ------------------------------- 125 J. W. Fannin, Jr., to David Mills, September 18, 1835. Plan· to attack Mexican vessel __ _ ________________________ .126 Austin to P. W. Grayson, September 19, 1835. War inevitable. The crisis developed much earlier than he expected _____________ 127 Austin to Columbia committee, September 19, 1835. Reconciliation hopeless. Advises preparation for resistance________________ .128 Austin to W. D. C. Hall, September 19, 1835. War inevitable. Suggests raising a volunteer company ____ _______ _________ 129 Austin to Columbia committee, September 21, 1835. Informing it of measures for war ___________ ___ _ _______________ 130 Austin to the People, September 21, 1835. Instructions for organization and movement ___________________________ 131 Martin Allen to James F. Allen, September 22, 1835. Suggesting a land settle- ment. Austin narrowly escaped death by accident________________ l31 Asa Brigham to James F. Perry, September 22, 1835. Calling meeting of Ayuntamiento _____________ ___ _ _______ 132 D. T. Fitchett to James F. Perry, September 22, 1835. Movement of Mexican troops ____ ______ _ _____________ 132 W. B. Travis to Austin, September 22, 1835. Wishes him to settle uncertainty about meeting place of convention. Destiny of Texas in Austin's hands___.____ 133 Committee of San Augustine to Committee of San Felipe, September 22, 1835. Favor •convention at Washington, with seven uninstructed delegates. Advise negotiations for peace with Indians__________ _ ______ 131 Eli Mercer to Austin, September 23, 1835. The people believe that Austin can manage their affairs better than they could for themselves______ .13S William P. Harris and John W. Moore to Austin, September 23, 1835. Organizing for resistance ________ _ __________________ 135 Zacharie and Company to Austin, New Orleans, September 23, 1835. Asking Austin to help collect for W. S. Parrott from Dr. James Grant. (Omitted.) ___ 136 James Whit~ide to S. H. Jack, Septembei:. 25, 1835. Concerning a draft on Austin. (Omitted.) ------------------------136 xv

Gonzales Committee of Safety to ____,- September 25, 1835. Asking assistance in holding a cannon which Colonel Ugartechea demands-···-·····--··--136 Resolutions of Committee of Matagorda, September 26, 1835. Endorsing address of the San Felipe Committee of September 19. (Omitted, but sec text for sum• mary.) ___ ____ ····-·--··--·--- ·-·-··-----137 Austin to Thomas F. J\IcKinney, September 26, 1835. Reasons for favoring war. Urges union and harmony________ - --·------·-------137 L. F. Linn to W. C. Carr, St. Louis, September 28, 1835. Testimonial to Austin's character ______ ___ __ ._ _ 138 Austin to the People of Texas, September 29, 1835. Endorsing refusal of Gon• zales to surrender cannon____________ __ ---··-·-·--·-·······l39 H. Meigs to Austin, New York, September 29, 1835. United States looking to your cause with great interesL------ ----- --·--·-·- ----·-·-·- ·- ····l40 T. S. Saul to Captain Hoxie, September 29, 1835. People moving from Gonzales in expectation of war___·----·- - --·----------·-··---·-···-··-··--· 140 Austin to James F. Perry, September 30, 1'335. i\lust maintain hi11 bachelor establishment: "The formation of a government (perhaps of a nation) is to be sketched out." Order for supplies.·--·---- ---· _ ___ ·---- - ····--·.140 Matagorda Committee 1(1 Austin, September 30, 1835. Approve Austin's advice. Movements of a Mexican vessel trying to land munitions.-·-----·-·--·--··--·-··-·l42 Matagorda Committee Resolutions, September 30, 1835. Approving certain plans and recommending precautions against .a slave insurrection...·-·- - - --·- ·- --- --143 Jesse Bartlett to Gail Borden, Jr., September 30, 1835. Surveying. (Omitted.)._.144 Edward Gritten to Ira R. Lewis, Bexar, October l, 1835. Concerning demand for cannon at Gonzales. Colonists must be united lo win·--·--·····-·--·-----··--l44 J. B. Chance to Austin, October 1, 1835. Receipts. (Omitted.) ______ ____}45 Austin to A. J. Harris, October 1, 1835. Forwarding certain copies. Calling for formation of a central executive committee____ ________ .. 145 William S. Fisher to Austin, October 3, 1835. :Military movement at Gonzales._.116 Austin to the People, October 3, 1835. Showing that war in defense of con- siitutional rights is inevitable--- - --- - -··--···---------·--·-·147 Austin to James Kerr and John Alley, San Felipe, October 3, 1835. Volunteers concentrating at Gonzales. Some still re£use to believe that Cos is in Texas. Plans for campaign_ _________ ______ -- --··----152 Colonel Ugartcchea to Austin, Bexar, October 4, 1835. Urging him to use his in0uence to quiet the colonists and induce them to surrender the cannon at Gon• zales ----------· _______ _ --····-----··l53 Edward Gritten to Alcalde of Gonzales, Bexar, October 4, 1835. Introducing a courier with letters to Austin from Colonel Ugartechea -·-·-···-·---······-·--·-l56 Thomas F. McKinney lo James F. Perry, October 4, 1835. Efforts to safeguard elections to consultation,___ _ _____ ·--- _ ____157 Austin to Committees of Nacogdoches and San Augustine, October' 4, 1835. Suggesting that muskets and volunteers be obtained in the United States. Objc,;"t to drive Mexicans from Texas,____ - ---- --··- ·------·---··157 Austin to Committee of Harrisburg, October 4, 1835. A combined effort would free Texas of military despots, and the government would be unable to send other forces to Tex..,,_____ _ _ _ ____ -----·-·--158 Austin recommends establishment of Post Office Department, October 4, 1835._.159 Election return, Brazoria, October 5, 1835. Delegates to consultation _ ____J60 P. W. Grayson, et al., to Austin, Gonzales, October 6, 1835. Urging him to join the army_ _ ------ __ _ ________ _160

xvi

Austin to David G. Burnet, San Felipe, October 5, 1835. Urging unity. Begin- ning of movement for independence, but cannot announce it.·-- - ·---- 160 P. W. Grayson and others to Austin, October 6, 1835. Asking him to take com- mand of the volunteers______·-·-··-·- ___ ·--·- ·---- -------161 Josiah H. Bell to Austin, October 6, 1835. Fears invasion by sea in which case coast would be defenseless and exposed to slave insurrection·-·--·······---- 161 Thomas J. Pilgrim to Austin, October 6, 1835. Fears invasion by sea and slave insurrection ···--·-- - ---·- -··- ·--··- ··-···-··- --·--- 162 Doctors William P. Smith, Thomas P. Gazley, el al., to J. H. Moore, October 7. 1835. Offering medical .service to armY-·-·--------··--··-···-··-----···- --l62 Ugartechea to Alcalde of Gonzales, Bexar, October 8, 1835. Assuring him that troops have no hostile intention. Cos arrived yesterday. Wants the Gonzales c~nnon - ·--·--···-··-·-·---- ---- ___ -··- ··-·-·-·--·- -l63 Jose Antonio Mexia to Austin, New Orleans, October 8, 1835. Introducing Father Alpuche who goes to Texas "to breathe the sort air or liberty". ____163 J. Antonio Padilla to Austin, October 8, 1835. Joins Texas forces. Cannot !he under military yoke.._._ ·- -----·---·--·-···----··--·---··---·--··-164 G. M. Collinsworth to Austin, October 8, 1835. Attacking Goliad ·--·--·----164 Gail Borden, Jr., to Austin, October 8, 1835. Notifying him of election to the consultation ·····-·----··-··-····--·-··--·--···-··--- -··------···-·····---------l64 Permanent Council to People of Texas, October 8, 1835. Describing the crisis_l65 Austin to Permanent Council, October 8, 1835. Instructions for collecting cannon and powder and lead_·--·-··--·-------·--·-·-·-·----·- -··-166 R. R. Royall to Austin, October 9, 1835. Efforts of the permanent council to fill his orders -·---- ··----·----·----- -- ________....67 A. W. Radcliff to Lorenzo de Zavala, October 10, 1835. Offering to discharge any commissions in New York. (Omitted.>.---.------·---····-··--···-··- ··-·--l68 Gail Borden, Jr., to Thomas F. McKinney, October 10, 1835. Transmitting Austin's order for munition.... ______ - - --- ____168 Austin to members of consultation, October 10, 1835. Transmitting resolutions .of the army asking that meeting of the consultation be delayed until Novem- ber 1 - - ------·-·----·-~·-····--·---·-·-----·-·------163 James Kerr to Council of War at Gonzales, October 10, 1835. R.eporting capture o_f Goliad. Other movements ·-----··--·---· ----·----- -·-··--169 Gail Borden, Jr., to Austin, October 10, 1835. Efforts to fill his orders. Diffi. culty of publishing Telegraph and Texas Register because printers want to join the army -··---·---·· --- ---····----·······-····-------····- ·······--·· ······--···--170 • George Antonio Nixon to Austin, Nacogdoches, October 10, 1835. East Texas uniting to join you. Mo_ney sent to United States for arms a~d munitions. Efforts to win support of Mexican residents___________________l71 R. R. Royall to Austin, October 10, 1835. Efforts to fill orders for cannon and munitions -·· ----·-·---------·· - - ---·-·····- ·--- ··-·······---17? Bartlett Sims to Dr. Robert Peebles, October 10, 1835. Land. (Omitted.)-·-- -173 P. W. Grayson to Austin, October 11, 1835. Notifying him of his election to command the "Volunteer army of Texas"- --··-··--··-·- ·-··- ------ 173 Austin's Order Book for the campaign of 1835. October 11-November 24, 1835. (Omitted, but see reference in text.)_____ _______ _ _ -··--173 Austin to San Felipe Committee, October II, 1835. Movement of army. Asking for reinforcements -·- - ···----- -- - ----- ____ __ _ _ In John J. Linn to P. W. Grayson, October 11, 1835. Suggesting parole for Mexican prisoners. (Omitted.) ······-··-······· ··-- - - - - -- ·-··-·-··-----·----- li•l xvii

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